The statistical design of experiments and the analysis of data in process investigations are considered. Empirical modelling of process behaviour is studied. Applications of factorial and fractional factorial experimental designs in screening studies and methods of response surface exploration are examined. Traditional North American approaches to quality and productivity improvement are compared with those practiced in Japan. (Jointly offered with CHEE-418, with additional assignments.)
M. Guay
PREREQUISITE: CHEE-209 or equivalent. Exclusion CHEE-418.

IMPORTANT - An overview of the course will be given in the first tutorial.

Basic concepts, generalized control volume analysis and balance equations. Constitutive equations, kinetic models, thermodynamic considerations, and prediction equations for transport properties. Coupled transport processes: Onsager's theory; forced diffusion; and thermo-chemical, thermo-electric, and electro-chemical effects. Special phenomena in biological and macromolecular systems. Phenomena at surfaces. Effects of flow and chemical reaction. Analogies between energy, material and momentum transport. Examples in the analysis of complex problems. 
E.W. Grandmaison

Selected topics in chemical engineering including chemical reaction engineering, combustion, biochemical engineering, process control, environmental engineering, applied statistics, polymer reaction engineering, polymer processing, fluidization and turbulence. Only topics not covered in other graduate courses will be included. Topics will vary depending on the instructor(s). 

Course Title - Cellular Bioengineering

This course will focus on applied cellular and molecular biology for the development of cell-based therapeutics in regenerative medicine. Emphasis will be placed on how engineering principles can be applied, in combination with an understanding of mammalian morphogenesis and physiology, to control and manipulate cellular responses in vitro and in vivo.

Specific topics covered will include: cell biology and physiology for biomedical engineers, engineered cellular microenvironments, biological assay development, cellular interactions in the context of embryonic development and wound healing, stem cells, and gene therapy. Engineering models of cellular behaviour, including receptor/ligand interactions, signal transduction pathways, proliferation, differentiation, and migration, will be discussed.

FIRST CLASS: Tuesday, September 13, 2011.

(3 lecture hours per week)

To Be Announced
PREREQUISITE: Permission of the Instructor.

L. Flynn

COURSE

TYPE

TERM

DAY

StartTime

EndTime

LOCATION

The course provides in-depth coverage of the fundamentals of colloidal interactions (e.g., stabilisation, adsorption, self-assembly) and the techniques currently applied for their assessment. Current and emerging colloids-related technologies, with emphasis on nano-scale engineering (self- and directed-assembly of nanostructured materials, photonic crystals, sensors) will also be covered.
Three term-hours: 
A. Docoslis

Proposed times for lectures:

The course will examine the design of fuel cell systems for a variety of applications ranging from large multi-megawatt stationary power systems to milliwatt scale portable electronics systems. Examples will be drawn from actual demonstration and pre-commercial prototype systems operating on a range of fuels including conventional hydrocarbons with integrated external fuel processing subsystems, anaerobic digester gas with external clean-up and preprocessing, natural gas fuelled systems with direct and indirect reforming, direct methanol fuel cells and hydrogen fuel cells. The design of combined heat and power systems (CHP) for large scale industrial applications and for small-scale residential applications will also be examined. In each of these case studies the impact of system configuration and individual component performance on efficiency will be examined and strategies for optimizing performance and minimizing complexity will be developed. In addition, the effect of system design on greenhouse gas emissions will be considered. The course will consist of three design projects of increasing complexity and a final examination. Students will be expected to give a presentation on their final design project.
Three term-hours: 
B. Peppley

Permission of the instructor.

Organizational Meeting: Thursday, September 8, 2011 10:00am Dupuis Hall, Room 427

The steps that are required to build comprehensive mathematical modelsare examined. These steps include: definition of the intended model use; formulation of model equations; determination of model parameters from correlations and experimental data; parameter sensitivity and estimability analysis; solution of model equations using numerical techniques; model validation; and potential model applications. While the focus is on the development of fundamental and semi-empirical models, empirical modeling techniques are also discussed. Students complete a mathematical modeling project related to their research interests, and are expected to have taken undergraduate courses in differential equations, statistics and reaction engineering.  This course is aimed at students working in a variety of research areas where mathematical models are important.  Process examples are selected from: reactive distillation, heat transfer, polymerization,bioreactors, reformers, and fuel cells.
K.B. McAuley 
Permission of the instructor.

Today, due to advances in computers, massive amounts of data are collected. These data are very difficult to be analyzed with classical statistical techniques due to the large number of variables and the interrelated nature among these variables. Multivariate statistical methods are employed for the analysis of these data in a wide spectrum of sciences such as Business Economics, Sociology, Chemical Engineering, Biology, and Medicine among others. The course will cover topics of basic Multivariate Analysis such as multivariate mean and variance analysis, T-Hotelling, Multinormal and Wishart distributions, and multivariate linear regression. Emphasis will be given in two advanced multivariate methods: Principal Component Analysis and Partial Least Squares. PCA and PLS are considered among the best statistical methods to analyze multivariate data and extract the information that is contained in them. In depth analysis of these techniques will be provided both from a theoretical and a practical point of view. The aim of the course is to provide the statistical depth and understanding of these multivariate techniques for their successful application in data analysis, and their extension in the areas of Process Monitoring, Product Development, and Image Analysis. Participants need to have knowledge of basic statistics (probability, hypothesis testing) and matrix algebra and are encouraged to bring their own data sets. This is the best way for participants to relate the new statistical techniques into their own work experience.
P. Nomikos
Permission of the instructor.

Organizational Meeting: TBA
Proposed times for lectures:

This is a second course in process control techniques. Topics covered will include: frequency response methods for stability analysis and controller design, deadtime compensation (e.g., Smith predictor), feedforward/ cascade control, the Internal Model Control formulation, introduction to multivariable control, and interaction analysis using the concept of relative gain. Specific applications to chemical processes will be presented. (Offered jointly with CHEE-434, with additional lectures and assignments.) 
M. Guay or P.J. McLellan
PREREQUISITE: CHEE-319 or permission of the instructor. Exclusion CHEE-434.

Proposed times for lectures:

COURSE

TYPE

TERM

DAY

StartTime

EndTime

LOCATION

INSTRUCTOR

The course focuses on the use of explicit process models for multi-variable controller design. Linear and nonlinear control approaches are discussed in both discrete and continuous time formulations. Stability, performance and robustness issues are addressed. The role of observers for state estimation is considered.
M. Guay
PREREQUISITE: CHEE-319 and -821 or equivalent. 

The role of statistical design and analysis in chemical process modelling; justification of least squares estimation; geometrical interpretation; algorithms for nonlinear least squares estimation; role of transformations; analysis of multiresponse data; experimental designs for model discrimination; experimental designs for precise parameter estimation.
P.J. McLellan
PREREQUISITE: CHEE-418/801 or equivalent.

The course focuses on the theory and application of linear time series methods for system identification. Time domain and frequency domain methods for analyzing dynamic data will be presented. Standard process plus disturbance models encountered in the identification literature will be investigated from both statistical and physical perspectives. Methods for structural identification, incorporation of exogenous variables, parameter estimation, and inference and model adequacy will be examined in detail. The design of dynamic experiments and incorporation of model uncertainty into the intended model and use, such as prediction or control, will be discussed. Assignments will include the analysis of industrial data sets. Dynamic modeling using neural networks and nonlinear time series methods will be introduced.
T. Harris
PREREQUISITE: CHEE-418/801 and CHEE-434/821 or equivalent.

A survey of optimization problems is made and mathematical procedures for their solutions are discussed. Comparisons of optimization techniques for various classes of problems are made using industrial examples and computer studies. Both linear and nonlinear programming methods are studied. Topics include the role of optimization, definitions of objective functions and constraints, conditions for existence of an optimum; one-dimensional strategies; analytical procedures for unconstrained and constrained multi-dimensional problems, numerical procedures for unconstrained and constrained multidimensional problems, and introduction to multistage optimization.
M. Guay
PREREQUISITE: Permission of the instructor

The fundamentals of polymerization kinetics are reviewed. The equations for batch and continuous flow reactors are developed and used in the calculation of polymerization rate and polymer quality measures. Process parameters which affect reaction rate, chain composition and molecular weight distribution are examined, and the design of polymer reactor systems is discussed. Consideration is also given to the problems of reactor design in heterophase polymerization.
R.A. Hutchinson or M.F. Cunningham

Organizational Meeting: TBA
Proposed times for lectures:

The fundamentals of transport phenomena and reaction kinetics are considered and applied to fuel cells, with a view to a mechanistic understanding of fuel cell operation and limitations. Material covered includes the basic axioms of mechanics (conservation of mass, momentum, energy and charge) presented in indicial notation and applied to porous media.  Emphasis is placed on the description of porous materials and the implications of porous media on transport, including the notion of effective transport coefficients. Ion transport in solid and polymer electrolytes due to electrochemical potential differences is considered. Diffusion models covered include Fick's law, Stefan Maxwell and Knudsen. Electrochemical reaction kinetics and mechanism are covered including rate-limiting steps, exchange current density and the fundamental definition of over potential. The course will include individual projects.
K. Karan and J. Pharoah
EXCLUSION:  MECH 837*

This course is designed as a graduate level introductory course in tissue engineering: the interdisciplinary field that encompasses biology, chemistry, medical sciences and engineering to design and fabricate living systems to replace damaged or diseased tissues and organs. Topics to be discussed include: tissue anatomy, basic cell biology, cell scaffolds, cell sources and differentiation, design considerations, diffusion and mass transfer limitations, effects of external stimuli, bioreactors, methods used to evaluate the engineered product(s), and implantation. Case studies of specific tissue engineering applications will also be discussed. Students will be required to participate in, as well as lead, discussions on the course material and relevant journal articles. No previous background in biology is required.
Three term hours:
S.D. Waldman

This course examines the important factors in the design and operation of stirred tank bioreactors. A variety of biokinetic models are examined and used in the design of ideal and non-ideal bioreactors. The effect of the rheology of fermentation broths on mass transfer, mixing, power requirement, etc. is considered, along with Residence Time Distribution Analysis as a tool for quantifying non-ideal behaviour. Novel fermentor designs and immobilized enzyme/cell systems are discussed. Scale-up criteria are examined.
A.J. Daugulis
PREREQUISITE: CHEE-380 or equivalent courses or experience.

Downstream processing techniques are studied which exploit the unique properties of proteins and which can separate a particular protein from a multicomponent protein mixture. Areas to be covered include the separation and purification of proteins by precipitation, by adsorption and in solution. Specific industrial and clinical bioseparation procedures, such as ultrafiltration and dialysis, will also be considered.
B.A. Ramsay
PREREQUISITE: Permission of the instructor.

Bioremediation as an option to treat contaminated soils, ground water, fresh water and the marine environments. Advantages and disadvantages of bioremediation compared to nonbiological processes. Factors affecting choice of in situ or ex situ processes. Assessment of biodegradability; biostimulation vs. bioaugmentation; mineralization vs. partial degradation; factors affecting microbial activity (choice of electron acceptor, toxicity of pollutant, C/N/P ratio, co-substrates, soil humidity, pH and temperature); bioavailability of pollutant. Biodegradation of specific contaminants (e.g., diesel fuel, polychlorinated biphenyls, dyestuffs, aromatic and polyaromatic hydrocarbons) will be studied in detail.
J.A. Ramsay
PREREQUISITE: Permission of the instructor. 

The course surveys recent advances in Biochemical Engineering, through lecture material and seminars based on recent published advances, critical analysis and in depth review of recent published literature, academic and industrial guest speakers outlining advances in their respective research areas and through student presented seminars on assigned papers or topics.
R.J. Neufeld

Graduate students working on theses must give a seminar on their research. The seminar carries no course credit but all graduate students are required to attend.

Rheology provides a valuable tool for the assessment of the processability of polymers in various operations, as well as the identification of their structure. This 6 week (3 hours/week) module will discuss the fundamental relations between the rheology and structure of polymers and the principles of rheometry.
M. Kontopoulou
(0.25 weight)

This course is intended to help the student to understand how the fundamentals acquired in CHEE 828, are used in the design and operation of melt or solution polymerisation processes of different types (chemistries, operational modes, etc.) Emphasis will be placed on reactor design and operation, but separation technology for product purification will also be studied. Case studies of specific commodity polymers will be used to illustrate the important concepts.
T. McKenna
(0.25 weight)

This is a product-focused course that will use different (non-polyolefin) concrete examples to help the students understand the reasons for producing polymer in dispersed media, the types of product one can make and the relationship between process operation and polymer structure. Emphasis is placed on reactor design, advanced modelling of dispersed phases systems, and issues related to industrial production such as characterisation, scale-up and control.
T. McKenna
(0.25 weight)

This course uses the fundamentals acquired in CHEE 828 to understand the particular issues related to the production of polyolefins, a family of materials that represents over 40% of all of the polymers produced world-wide. Emphasis will be placed on the particularity of olefin polymerisation processes, the structure of the products and the fact that one needs to combine knowledge of polymer chain growth with an understanding of mass and heat transfer in heterogeneously catalyzed systems.
T. McKenna
(0.25 weight)

This graduate course module focuses on entrepreneurial opportunities in chemical engineering. Students evaluate the commercial potential of a technology or opportunity of their choice. This may be from his or her individual research work or research group; or alternatively, a chemical engineering application of interest.  Assessment includes business opportunity screening, IP issues, market and competitive analysis, regulatory and legal issues and financial analysis. Students integrate engineering and business planning, make decisions in highly uncertain and unstructured environments and communicate their ideas to a variety of audiences, including professional venture capitalists and successful high-tech entrepreneurs. Various speakers with experience in the field of technology commercialization and entrepreneurship will speak to the class to offer their expertise. Opportunities exist to link some course activities to GreenCentre Canada.
D. Dilamarter
(0.25 weight)

Selected topics in chemical engineering including chemical reaction engineering, combustion, biochemical engineering, process control, environmental engineering, applied statistics, polymer reaction engineering, polymer processing, fluidization and tubulence. Only topics not covered in other graduate courses will be included. Topics will vary depending on the instructor(s).

Gas-Solid Reactions (1st half of Fall term)

This course will focus on thermodynamics and kinetics for gas-solid reactions. The main focus of the course will be understanding what information quantum chemistry (density functional theory or DFT) computations yield and how to build thermodynamic functions and kinetic models using DFT-generated energetics.

K. Karan

PREREQUISITE: none
(0.25 weight)

Principles of green engineering as they apply to chemical process engineering will be introduced. It is designed primarily for chemical engineers and chemists. A chemical sciences background is required. The course will focus on the principles of applying green chemistry principles to process design, scaleup and development, as well as to the modification of existing processes, to make them less environmentally impactful.

M. Cunningham

PREREQUISITE: none
(0.25 weight)

This six-week graduate module provides students with background in physical polymer science as it relates to the formulation of materials to satisfy engineering applications.  Starting from the characterization of molecular weight and composition distributions, the fundamentals of phase transitions, solubility, adhesion and thermo-oxidative stabilization are discussed.

 
(Jointly offered with CHEE-490, coinciding with the first 6 weeks of lectures)
J.S. Parent

(0.25 weight)

This six-week graduate module examines polymer processing operations. Specific topics include extrusion and injection moulding, modeling approaches, polymer blends and composites. Particular emphasis is placed on the analysis of polymer flow. Principles of the rheology of thermoplastic melts and rheometry are presented.

 
(Jointly offered with CHEE-490, coinciding with the last 6 weeks of lectures)
M. Kontopoulou

(0.25 weight)

This six-week graduate module provides a thorough background in the underlying fundamental biological and polymer science principles involved in the use of polymers as medical materials.

 
B. Amsden

(0.25 weight)